Licking County, Ohio

❧

Wikipedia

Licking County, Ohio
County
Licking County Courthouse
Licking County Courthouse
Flag of Licking County, Ohio
Flag
Official seal of Licking County, Ohio
Seal
Map of Ohio highlighting Licking County
Location within the U.S. state of Ohio
Coordinates: 40°05′N 82°29′W / 40.09°N 82.48°W / 40.09; -82.48
Country United States
State Ohio
FoundedMarch 1, 1808[1]
SeatNewark
Largest cityNewark
Area
 • Total
687 sq mi (1,780 km2)
 • Land683 sq mi (1,770 km2)
 • Water5.0 sq mi (13 km2)  0.7%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
178,519
 • Estimate 
(2024)
184,898 Increase
 • Density261/sq mi (101/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district12th
Websitewww.lcounty.com

Licking County is located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. At the 2020 census, the population was 178,519.[2] Its county seat is Newark.[3] The county was formed on January 30, 1808, from portions of Fairfield County.

It is named after the Licking River, which is thought to be named for the salt licks that were in the area.[4] However, one account explains it as an English pronunciation of the river's indigenous Delaware name W'li/'ik'/nk, which means "where the flood waters recede".[5]

Licking County is part of the Columbus, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 687 square miles (1,780 km2), of which 683 square miles (1,770 km2) is land and 5.0 square miles (13 km2) (0.7%) is water.[6] It is the third-largest county in Ohio by land area.

Adjacent counties

Major highways

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18103,852—
182011,861207.9%
183020,86975.9%
184035,09668.2%
185038,84610.7%
186037,011−4.7%
187035,756−3.4%
188040,45013.1%
189043,2797.0%
190047,0708.8%
191055,59018.1%
192056,4261.5%
193059,9626.3%
194062,2793.9%
195070,64513.4%
196090,24227.7%
1970107,79919.5%
1980120,98112.2%
1990128,3006.0%
2000145,49113.4%
2010166,49214.4%
2020178,5197.2%
2024 (est.)184,898[7]3.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[8]
1790-1960[9] 1900-1990[10]
1990-2000[11] 2010-2020[2]

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 178,519. The median age was 40.4 years. 23.0% of residents were under the age of 18 and 17.5% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 96.9 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 94.4 males age 18 and over.[12]

The racial makeup of the county was 86.3% White, 4.0% Black or African American, 0.3% American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.8% Asian, <0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 1.1% from some other race, and 5.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 2.2% of the population.[13]

The 2020 census reported that 66.2% of residents lived in urban areas, while 33.8% lived in rural areas.[14]

There were 68,462 households in the county, of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 52.2% were married-couple households, 16.6% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 23.8% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 25.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[12]

There were 72,709 housing units, of which 5.8% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 72.5% were owner-occupied and 27.5% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.2% and the rental vacancy rate was 5.9%.[12]

Racial and ethnic composition

Licking County, Ohio – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[15] Pop 1990[16] Pop 2000[17] Pop 2010[18] Pop 2020[19] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 117,805 124,737 138,498 153,811 152,935 97.37% 97.22% 95.19% 92.38% 85.67%
Black or African American alone (NH) 2,021 2,198 2,966 5,643 7,142 1.67% 1.71% 2.04% 3.39% 4.00%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 168 244 414 436 386 0.14% 0.19% 0.28% 0.26% 0.22%
Asian alone (NH) 331 459 841 1,224 4,999 0.27% 0.36% 0.58% 0.74% 2.80%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [20] x [21] 27 33 45 x x 0.02% 0.02% 0.03%
Other race alone (NH) 120 58 173 183 787 0.10% 0.05% 0.12% 0.11% 0.44%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [22] x [23] 1,465 2,850 8,237 x x 1.01% 1.71% 4.61%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 536 604 1,107 2,312 3,988 0.44% 0.47% 0.76% 1.39% 2.23%
Total 120,981 128,300 145,491 166,492 178,519 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 166,492 people, 63,989 households, and 45,162 families living in the county.[24] The population density was 243.9 inhabitants per square mile (94.2/km2). There were 69,291 housing units at an average density of 101.5 units per square mile (39.2 units/km2).[25] The racial makeup of the county was 93.2% white, 3.4% black or African American, 0.7% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.4% of the population.[24] In terms of ancestry, 29.5% were German, 16.0% were Irish, 13.0% were English, 10.8% were American, and 5.5% were Italian.[26]

Of the 63,989 households, 34.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.4% were non-families, and 23.8% of households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.00. The median age was 39.1 years.[24]

The median household income was $53,291 and the median family income was $64,386. Males had a median income of $47,391 versus $37,054 for females. The per capita income for the county was $25,534. About 8.2% of families and 11.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.7% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.[27]

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 146,491 people, 55,609 households, and 40,149 families living in the county. The population density was 212 inhabitants per square mile (82/km2). There were 58,760 housing units at an average density of 86 units per square mile (33 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 95.64% White, 2.06% Black or African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.58% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.30% from other races, and 1.10% from two or more races. 0.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.[28] Of the 55,609 households 34.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.50% were married couples living together, 10.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.80% were non-families. 23.10% of households were one person and 9.10% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.01.

The age distribution was 26.00% under the age of 18, 8.80% from 18 to 24, 29.40% from 25 to 44, 23.90% from 45 to 64, and 11.90% 65 or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 94.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.00 males.

The median household income was $44,124 and the median family income was $51,969. Males had a median income of $37,957 versus $26,884 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,581. About 5.50% of families and 7.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.10% of those under age 18 and 7.50% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

Prior to 1944, Licking County primarily supported Democratic Party candidates in presidential elections, only voting for Republican candidates five times from 1856 to 1940 in five national landslides for the party. From 1944 onward, the county has become a Republican stronghold presidentially, with the only Democratic presidential candidate to win the county since then being Lyndon B. Johnson in the midst of his 1964 national landslide.

United States presidential election results for Licking County, Ohio[29]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
№ %№ %№ %
1856 3,027 44.42% 3,371 49.46% 417 6.12%
1860 3,502 47.06% 3,154 42.38% 786 10.56%
1864 3,312 46.22% 3,853 53.78% 0 0.00%
1868 3,487 44.03% 4,432 55.97% 0 0.00%
1872 3,493 43.01% 4,562 56.17% 67 0.82%
1876 3,962 41.84% 5,473 57.79% 35 0.37%
1880 4,210 42.62% 5,575 56.44% 93 0.94%
1884 4,599 42.97% 5,958 55.67% 145 1.35%
1888 4,867 43.04% 6,199 54.82% 241 2.13%
1892 4,619 41.97% 6,038 54.87% 348 3.16%
1896 5,560 45.32% 6,611 53.89% 96 0.78%
1900 5,854 46.09% 6,716 52.88% 130 1.02%
1904 6,798 51.04% 6,019 45.19% 503 3.78%
1908 6,756 44.55% 7,685 50.67% 725 4.78%
1912 4,487 33.73% 6,120 46.01% 2,694 20.25%
1916 5,935 40.93% 8,183 56.43% 382 2.63%
1920 11,924 51.89% 10,679 46.47% 378 1.64%
1924 13,914 58.49% 7,428 31.23% 2,446 10.28%
1928 19,130 72.14% 7,244 27.32% 143 0.54%
1932 13,355 48.01% 13,904 49.99% 556 2.00%
1936 11,958 39.37% 17,785 58.56% 629 2.07%
1940 16,288 49.86% 16,379 50.14% 0 0.00%
1944 16,815 56.74% 12,819 43.26% 0 0.00%
1948 15,164 54.62% 12,511 45.07% 87 0.31%
1952 20,385 63.50% 11,718 36.50% 0 0.00%
1956 21,912 67.44% 10,581 32.56% 0 0.00%
1960 23,653 63.95% 13,335 36.05% 0 0.00%
1964 15,096 39.25% 23,364 60.75% 0 0.00%
1968 19,542 48.89% 15,021 37.58% 5,407 13.53%
1972 28,070 66.47% 12,460 29.50% 1,702 4.03%
1976 23,518 53.78% 19,247 44.01% 968 2.21%
1980 28,425 58.28% 17,208 35.28% 3,136 6.43%
1984 37,560 72.26% 13,995 26.93% 421 0.81%
1988 34,540 66.72% 16,793 32.44% 434 0.84%
1992 26,918 44.54% 18,898 31.27% 14,618 24.19%
1996 28,276 48.78% 22,624 39.03% 7,067 12.19%
2000 37,180 59.52% 23,196 37.13% 2,090 3.35%
2004 49,016 61.72% 30,053 37.84% 351 0.44%
2008 46,918 56.82% 33,932 41.09% 1,720 2.08%
2012 45,503 55.80% 34,201 41.94% 1,846 2.26%
2016 51,241 61.28% 27,376 32.74% 5,007 5.99%
2020 59,514 63.05% 33,055 35.02% 1,827 1.94%
2024 61,359 64.20% 32,832 34.35% 1,390 1.45%
United States Senate election results for Licking County, Ohio1[30]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
№ %№ %№ %
2024 55,320 58.66% 35,373 37.51% 3,616 3.83%

Industry and business

Early history

Since Licking County's establishment in 1808, businesses and industries have served as a source of employment, generating income and promoting economic growth. Notable industries include manufacturing, retail and wholesale trade, health care and social assistance, accommodation and food services. Manufacturing, agriculture, and services prove to be the major sectors of Licking County's industry.[31]

Manufacturing

Manufacturing is one of the largest industry sectors in Licking County.[32] Major establishments and advancements have been made by manufacturing facilities in the county by renowned companies or corporations, namely Invenergy, Armstrong World Industries, Intel, and Atkore.[33][34] These investments have provided Licking County residents with a diverse range of employment opportunities and facilitated its economic growth. However, in the past many other successful manufacturing companies have come to a close, such as Longaberger, Fyrepel, Meritor plant in Heath, and E.T. Rugg.[35][36][37] The glass-making industry, which has been established since the late 19th century from Newark with natural gas supplies, sand quarry, and cheap labor, is also a significant manufacturing sector in Licking County.[38]

Agriculture

Agriculture is regarded as a traditional cornerstone of Licking County. Within Licking County, agriculture has always been a significant industry, and in the 1800s, it was a top producer of corn, wheat, and oats.[39] The formation of the Licking County Agricultural Society in 1832, as well as the creation of the Ohio and Erie Canal, helped boost agriculture in Licking County during this time period.[39] Farmers benefited from easy access to markets via railroads, and different companies would supply tools to local farmers.[40] In the later end of the 1800s, Licking County was in the top ten of counties within Ohio for agricultural production.[39] By 1870, 2,692 farms with 278,611 improved acres were owned by farmers within Licking County; all of these helped account for $3,500,000 in production.[39] Licking County ranked very high within the state of Ohio in production of corn, wheat, and oats while also leading the state in wool production.[39] By 1887, 150,000 acres of designated pasture land was readily available and Licking County ranked first in Ohio with over 174,000 sheep within the county.[39]

In the 19th century, Licking County farms produced a variety of crops like corn, wheat, and oats, along with livestock such as cattle, chickens, pigs and lambs.[39] Farms relied on labor-intensive methods of farming, using crop rationing and the spread of manure to keep the soil fertile.[39] [41]

As of 2017, Licking County ranks 11th out of 88 counties in Ohio for products sold, and agriculture is still an important industry.[42] Currently, Licking County is focused on large-scale production of grains and oilseeds, in particular corn and soybeans.[42] This accounted for two-thirds of the county's agricultural sales in 2017, according to the USDA Census of Agriculture.[42] Modern agricultural methods involve chemicals and mechanization, which support a shift from traditional to modern farming practices.[41]

Charles Metz and Brothers Meat Market, a local agricultural company located in Newark, is a well known meat provider for regional butchers and markets.[43] Weiant Greenhouses was another local company that grew lettuce. It covered five acres of glass structures, becoming one of the largest greenhouses in Ohio and providing vegetables to three nearby states during its time. Unfortunately, it came to a close after a destructive storm in 1978.[44] While modern farmers have multiple advantages such as better agricultural equipment, pesticides and fertilizers, many have encountered challenges due to an increase in the cost of producing crops and raising livestock, and a declining payout as well.[45]

Services

The service industry, as a whole, has provided jobs for more than 30% of the employed population in Licking County.[32] From housing and dining services to entertainment services, a variety of services have been available in Licking County. Among these, Education Services and Accommodations & Food Services are considered the major forms of services. Educational institutions in Licking County include Denison University, Newark City Schools, and Columbus State Community College.[32]

Contemporary business and industry

AEP headquarters building in Columbus, Ohio

Licking County continues to see substantial growth in industries across multiple fields, especially traditional companies with major distribution. Manufacturing, Retail Trade, Health Care and Social Assistance are the top three industries in Licking County's employment for recent years.[46]

From 2017 to 2022, the number of jobs increased by 22.6% in Licking County, compared to the national growth rate of 3.8%. The number of jobs is projected to grow an additional 7,455 over the next 5 years. Licking County's manufacturing economy continued to grow with a 12% increase in manufacturing jobs between 2017 and 2022.[47]

In January 2022 Intel announced their intention to build a $20 billion semiconductor plant in Licking County that would employ up to 3,000 workers. The facility will be built on a 3,190-acre site (1,290 ha) that has been annexed from the Jersey Township to New Albany.[48] In March 2023, Invenergy invested $600 million in Illuminate USA, with the goal of manufacturing high-quality domestic solar panels and creating 850 new, high-paying jobs.[47]

Top 10 employers in Licking County (2018):[49]

  1. Amazon
  2. Licking Memorial
  3. Ascena Retail
  4. Kroger
  5. Licking County Government
  6. Owens Corning
  7. AEP Ohio
  8. L Brands
  9. Anomatic
  10. Denison University

Places of interest

View from a section of the Great Circle Earthworks, part of the Newark Earthworks.

Historic family farms

There are 29 farms within Licking County that have been designated as historic family farms by the Ohio Historic Family Farm Program.[53] This program helps designate farms that have been consecutively owned by the same family for one hundred years or more.[54] There are three designations that are offered by the program: Century Farms (100–149 years), Sesquicentennial Farms (150–199 years), and Bicentennial Farms (200 and more years).[54] To be approved into Ohio's Historic Family Farms Program, ten or more acres of land must be used for agricultural use.[54] If the farm is under ten acres, $2,500 of income must be produced yearly.[54] The owners also must provide an 8.5x11-inch map and a current photograph of the farm.[54] Verifiable family records must be shown to prove that the farm has been within 100 years of consecutive ownership by the family.[54] Once a farm has received this designation, the family must continue to farm the land to stay a historic family farm.[54]

Licking County Historic Family Farms List

This is a list of all 29 Historic Family Farms, as of August 5, 2025. Officially recorded by the Ohio Department of Agriculture. Ordered by family last name:[53]

Family Last Name Farm Name Farm Founding Year
Ashbrook Berry 1859
Baker Baker's Acres 1917
Carr 1911
Coad 1830
Elsen Sycamore Terrace 1876
Etsy Wilkin-Hunt-Etsy 1829
Fackler Jones Suns-Ray Farm LLC 1920
Fisk Fisk Family Enterprises Ltd. LLC 1876
Garvin Heritage Farm 1890
Goodman Otter Creek Farm 1908
Gutridge Sunnyside Farm 1864
Hatfield 6331 Bennington Chapel LLC 1831
Hupp 1878
Maxwell Maxwell Keystone Inheritance Trust 1906
McCoy Davison Family Farm LLC 1858
Newell Benner Farm 1876
Rabb Francis Family Farm 1809
Shaw Shaw Property Management Trust 1883
Seigel 1915
Stevenson 1890
Stiers 1901
Swinehart Swinehart Family 1899
Swinehart Woolard/Swinehart Family 1906
Taylor Gieseck Family Farm 1864
Todd Grand View Farm 1833
Wagy Wagy Family Farm 1844
Warner Eshelman-Warner Farm 1898
Wells Wells Farm 1893
West West Kine Akrs 1877

Challenges facing historic family farms

Despite their recognition, many families are facing pressure to sell their historic family farms, due to increased urbanization and commercial growth in areas such as New Albany.[55] Rising land values and frequent offers from developers encourage farmers to sell their land for commercial or residential use.[55] In New Albany, a nine-million-square-foot business park and the addition of over 100 homes every year, are two examples that may affect the historic family farms in the area.[56] The increasing urbanization and development of residential land may damage the preservation of a family's historic farm.[55]

Family farms have begun to face increased economic difficulties in the county and subsequently, farmers are forced to work other jobs.[55] Additionally, the average age of a farm operator is 56.8 years old and many of these family farms cannot find family members to inherit these farms. Due to this, some historic farms are at risk of losing their Historic Family Farm status. In response to the recent economic pressures, many historic farming families have reduced active cultivation for conservation purposes.[41][55] Despite these changes and different pressures, the USDA Census reported that in 2017, 99% of all Licking County farms were still registered as family-owned.[42]

Sports

Longaberger former headquarters in Newark, Ohio, a giant Longaberger medium market basket.

Licking County high school athletic programs include Granville High School, Heath High School, Johnstown-Monroe High School, Lakewood High School, Licking Valley High School, Licking Heights High School, Newark Catholic High School, Newark High School, Northridge High School, Utica High School, and Watkins Memorial High School. In baseball, a state title has been won by a Licking County high school team every year since to 2002, when three Licking County teams won state titles. Newark Catholic High School and Heath High School have combined for nine state titles in a six-year span.

Licking County schools won at least one state title in four straight sport seasons: Heath in both baseball and boys track and field (2007), Newark Catholic in football (2007), Newark in boys basketball (2008) and Lakewood in softball (2008).

Opioid and overdose crisis

In line with national and regional trends, opioid misuse led to increased rates of overdose and fatalities in Licking County over the last two decades.[57][58] Opioids, which encompass a variety of drugs, are often used for pain relief.[59] However, when opioids are taken in large doses, they can be fatal.[59] Synthetic varieties of opioids, such as fentanyl, have been listed as one of the main contributors to the ongoing crisis.[59] Evidence indicates that the opioid and overdose crises in Licking County have been affected by unemployment in the region, economic inequalities, and local, state, and federal responses to the crises.[57] Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, one director of a residential treatment center attributed isolation to the rise in overdose deaths across Licking County.[60] Others have attributed the rise in overdose deaths to a rise in fentanyl and its analogues in the drug supply.[57]

Statistics

Since 2001, unintentional drug overdose deaths in Licking County have increased.[61] Between 2001 and 2010, the number of unintentional overdose fatalities per year ranged from four to 24.[61] From 2011 to 2020, annual overdose deaths ranged from 13 to 47 per year.[61] In 2022, 58 people died in Licking County due to unintentional drug overdoses.[61] Licking County Memorial Health Systems found out that when focusing on fentanyl related deaths, the number increased by over 1000% between 2014 and 2018, from 2 to 21 deaths.[62] The Licking County Health Department reported that fentanyl played a role in nearly three quarters of overdose deaths in 2020 and 2021.[61]

Overdose Mapping

In 2020, the Licking County Health Department introduced a new overdose mapping system that began tracking fatal and nonfatal overdose cases in the region.[60] The system was designed, in part, to identify surges in overdoses that could then allow for more efficient and effective distribution of naloxone, a drug that reverses opioid overdose.[60] It is possible that the recent increases in overdoses throughout Licking County may be the result of more overdoses being reported across the county as a result of overdose mapping.[60]

Demographics

In 2021, of the 47 opioid related death, the primary group affected was white males between the ages 25-44. Annual data from the Licking County overdose fatality review illustrates 72% of overdoses in 2021 were male, while the remaining 28% were female.[63] The most affected age range was 35-44 years old, with 15 deaths, followed closely by those aged 25-34, with 14 deaths.[63] Additionally, 94% of deaths in 2021 were White/Caucasian and 6% were Black/African American. Regarding the level of education of those affected, 59.6% were high school graduates or had a GED, while 17% did not graduate high school. Additionally, 12.8% had a college education without a degree, and 8.5% held a college undergraduate degree.[63]

One method of stopping an overdose is applying narcan to the person's nose.

Refusal of Syringe Services Program

Syringe services programs (SSPs) offer drug users clean injection equipment and often other services, like referrals to treatment facilities, access to naloxone, and screenings for disease.[64] Evidence indicates that SSPs help prevent the spread of disease, increase the likelihood that drug users will enter treatment, and decrease overdose deaths.[64] Unsanitary syringe use has been a cause for the Hepatitis-C cases in the County.[65] Despite these facts, in 2019, the Licking County Health Department unanimously voted against implementing a syringe exchange program in the county, and in 2024 it indicated that it was not willing to revisit its decision.[65] Various organizations have taken issue with the Health Department's, decision, such as Licking County's branch of OhioCAN.

Resources available

Programs have emerged in Licking County to address the opioid and overdose crises.The Licking County Linkages Program helps individuals recovering from substance addiction by providing health care.[66] In addition, their goals also revolve around reducing stigmas surrounding substance abuse as well as informing the general public of the dangers of drug consumption.[66] Other services throughout Licking County include disposal of unwanted pills which can be done at several police stations within the county.

Communities

Map of Licking County, Ohio with Municipal and Township Labels

Cities

Villages

Townships

[67]

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Ohio County Profiles: Licking County" (PDF). Ohio Department of Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 21, 2007. Retrieved April 28, 2007.
  2. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 21, 2022.
  3. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  4. ↑ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 186.
  5. ↑ Mahr, August C. (April 1957). "Indian River and Place Names in Ohio". Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly. 66 (2): 146–148.
  6. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on May 4, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  7. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021". Retrieved October 21, 2022.
  8. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  9. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  10. ↑ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  11. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  12. 1 2 3 "2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved January 2, 2026.
  13. ↑ "2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved January 2, 2026.
  14. ↑ "2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)". United States Census Bureau. 2023. Retrieved January 2, 2026.
  15. ↑ "1980 Census of Population - General Social and Economic Characteristics - Ohio- Table 59 - Persons by Spanish Origin, Race, and Sex: 1980 AND Table 58 - Race by Sex: 1980" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. p. 49-67 and 27-47.
  16. ↑ "1990 Census of Population - General Population Characteristics - Ohio: Table 6 - Race and Hispanic Origin" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. p. 21-95.
  17. ↑ "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Licking County, Ohio". United States Census Bureau.
  18. ↑ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Licking County, Ohio". United States Census Bureau.
  19. ↑ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Licking County, Ohio". United States Census Bureau.
  20. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  21. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  22. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  23. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  24. 1 2 3 "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  25. ↑ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  26. ↑ "DP02 Selected Social Characteristics in the United States – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  27. ↑ "DP03 Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  28. ↑ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  29. ↑ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
  30. ↑ "2024 Senate Election (Official Returns)". Commonwealth of Texas by county. November 5, 2024. Retrieved December 5, 2024.
  31. ↑ "Licking County, OH | Data USA". datausa.io. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  32. 1 2 3 "Licking County, OH | Data USA". datausa.io. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  33. ↑ "2022 Year in Review". GROW Licking County. January 27, 2023. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  34. ↑ "2023 Year in Review & Trends to Watch". GROW Licking County. January 30, 2024. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  35. ↑ "Fyrepel - Licking County Library's Wiki!". wiki.lickingcountylibrary.info. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  36. ↑ "E.T. Rugg Company - Licking County Library's Wiki!". wiki.lickingcountylibrary.info. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  37. ↑ Mallett, Kent. "Meritor announces closing of Heath plant". The Advocate. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  38. ↑ "Glass-making - Licking County Library's Wiki!". wiki.lickingcountylibrary.info. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Licking County Agriculture". Clio. Retrieved December 1, 2025.
  40. ↑ "OHIO GENEALOGY EXPRESS - Licking Co., Ohio - Biographies". ohiogenealogyexpress.com. Retrieved December 1, 2025.
  41. 1 2 3 "Nation Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Curry Farm Historic District" (PDF). United States Department of the Interior: National Park Service. June 18, 2021.
  42. 1 2 3 4 "Census of Agriculture County Profile: Licking County" (PDF). USDA.gov. 2017.
  43. ↑ "Charles Metz and Brothers Meat Market - Licking County Library's Wiki!". wiki.lickingcountylibrary.info. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  44. ↑ "Weiant Greenhouses - Licking County Library's Wiki!". wiki.lickingcountylibrary.info. Retrieved October 30, 2024.
  45. ↑ "Farming - Licking County Library's Wiki!". wiki.lickingcountylibrary.info. Retrieved October 30, 2024.
  46. ↑ "Ohio Economic Profile Licking County" (PDF). Ohio Labor Market Information. July 2021. Retrieved October 28, 2024.
  47. 1 2 "2023 Year in Review & Trends to Watch". GROW Licking County. January 30, 2024. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  48. ↑ Williams, Mark; Trombly, Monroe (January 14, 2022). "What we know about Intel factory coming to Columbus area". The Columbus Dispatch.
  49. ↑ Mallett, Kent. "Amazon, Ascena, L Brands among county's top 10 employers; LMH remains, State Farm falls". The Advocate. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  50. ↑ "The Velvet Ice Cream Company in Utica, Ohio". Archived from the original on June 1, 2007. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  51. ↑ "Heisey Collectors of America". Heiseymuseum.org. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  52. ↑ "National Trail Raceway". Archived from the original on January 11, 2019. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  53. 1 2 "List of Ohio's Historic Family Farms". agri.ohio.gov. Archived from the original on June 26, 2025. Retrieved December 1, 2025.
  54. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Ohio's Historic Family Farms Program". agri.ohio.gov. Archived from the original on June 16, 2025. Retrieved December 1, 2025.
  55. 1 2 3 4 5 Brown, Delaney (July 29, 2025). "Ohio's Historic Family Farms program preserves state's agricultural heritage and history of its top industry". The Reporting Project - Covering Licking County, Ohio. Retrieved December 1, 2025.
  56. ↑ "New Albany's growth is second to one | The New Albany Company". newalbanycompany.com. Retrieved December 1, 2025.
  57. 1 2 3 Shuler, Jack (2020). This is Ohio: the overdose crisis and the front lines of a new America (First hardcover ed.). Berkeley, California: Counterpoint. ISBN 978-1-64009-355-3.
  58. ↑ "Drug Overdose Mortality by State". www.cdc.gov. March 1, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2024.
  59. 1 2 3 "Opioids | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)". nida.nih.gov. Archived from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved November 7, 2024.
  60. 1 2 3 4 Sumner, Michaela. "Licking County 2021 drug deaths match record set in 2020". The Advocate. Retrieved October 31, 2024.
  61. 1 2 3 4 5 "Community Health Assessment: Licking County." (2023). Licking County Health Department. Accessed November 15, 2024.
  62. ↑ "2019 Community Health Needs Assessment". Licking Memorial Health Systems. 2019.
  63. 1 2 3 "Overdose Fatality Review Annual Report Licking County 2021" (PDF). Licking County Health Department. 2021.
  64. 1 2 Adams, Jerome M. (July 31, 2020). "Making the Case for Syringe Services Programs". Public Health Reports. 135 (1 Suppl): 10S – 12S. doi:10.1177/0033354920936233. PMC 7407057. PMID 32735192.
  65. 1 2 Wolf, Jack (September 3, 2024). "Syringe exchange program in Stark County offers blueprint for Licking County". The Reporting Project - Covering Licking County, Ohio. Retrieved October 31, 2024.
  66. 1 2 "Drug Abuse and Overdose Death Prevention". Licking County Health Department. Retrieved October 31, 2024.
  67. ↑ Ohio Townships

https://www.littleriverpublishing.com/home

Further reading

  • Thomas William Lewis, History of Southeastern Ohio and the Muskingum Valley, 1788-1928. In Three Volumes. Chicago: S.J. Clarke Publishing Co., 1928.

40°05′N 82°29′W / 40.09°N 82.48°W / 40.09; -82.48