Enping

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Wikipedia

Enping
恩平市
Yanping
County-level city
Enping
Enping
Enping (red) within Jiangmen and Guangdong
Enping (red) within Jiangmen and Guangdong
Enping is located in Guangdong
Enping
Enping
Location of the city centre in Guangdong
Coordinates: 22°11′N 112°18′E / 22.183°N 112.300°E / 22.183; 112.300
Country:People's Republic of China
ProvinceGuangdong
Prefecture-level cityJiangmen
Area
 • Total
1,698 km2 (656 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 census)
 • Total
483,907
 • Density285.0/km2 (738.1/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Enping
Chinese恩平
PostalYanping
Literal meaningMercifully Pacified
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinĒnpíng
Yue: Cantonese
JyutpingJan1-ping4

Enping,alternately romanized as Yanping,[a] is a county-level city in Guangdong province, China, administered as part of the prefecture-level city of Jiangmen.

Enping administers an area of 1,698 km2 (656 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 483,907 in 2020.[5] Its diaspora accounts for over 400,000 overseas Chinese, particularly in the Americas. It is notably the primary ancestral home for the majority of the Chinese in Venezuela, with an estimated 90% of that country's Chinese population originating from the city.[6] The area around Enping is known for its many hot springs.

Geography

Enping is located in southwest Guangdong, at the western edge of the Pearl River Delta and beside the South China Sea. Enping borders Kaiping to the northeast and Yangjing to the southwest.

History

Enping County was established in AD 220. Under the Qing, it made up part of the commandery of Zhaoqing[1] and was one of the Four Counties responsible for much of the early Chinese diaspora from Guangdong in the 19th century.

Academic studies by Gao Weinong indicate that Venezuela serves as the primary global destination for the Enping diaspora.[7] The migration is characterized by strong chain-migration networks, with early settlers establishing a foundation in the grocery and restaurant sectors that allowed subsequent generations to migrate. By the early 21st century, the Enping community formed the vast majority of the Chinese population in Venezuela, maintaining deep cultural and economic ties through various hometown associations (*tongxianghui*).[6] Migrants from Enping and their families make up about 200,000 of the country's estimated 400,000 Chinese. Emigration to Venezuela occurred primarily in the decades including and following the World Wars, with the largest batch leaving at the end of the Cultural Revolution in the late 1970s. Enping was made a county-level city in 1994. The Enping financial crisis later in the decade led to a massive scandal and the loss of financial services in the city.

Administrative divisions

Enping comprises 10 towns, 3 sub-district offices, 4 farms and stations, and 174 village neighborhood committees.

NameChinese (S)Hanyu PinyinPopulation (2010)[8]
Encheng Subdistrict恩城街道Ēnchéng Jiēdào197,788
Hengbei town横陂镇Héngbēi Zhèn31,694
Shengtang town圣堂镇Shèngtáng Zhèn25,038
Liangxi town良西镇Liángxī Zhèn20,091
Shahu town沙湖镇Shāhú Zhèn56,217
Niujiang town牛江镇Niújiāng Zhèn23,430
Juntang town君堂镇Jūntáng Zhèn46,475
Datian town大田镇Dàtián Zhèn27,943
Naji town那吉镇Nàjí Zhèn19,384
Dahuai town大槐镇Dàhuái Zhèn18,625
Dongcheng town东成镇Dōngchéng Zhèn26,129

Climate

Climate data for Enping, elevation 69 m (226 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 28.5
(83.3)		 31.1
(88.0)		 30.3
(86.5)		 34.7
(94.5)		 34.9
(94.8)		 37.1
(98.8)		 39.2
(102.6)		 37.8
(100.0)		 36.5
(97.7)		 35.5
(95.9)		 33.5
(92.3)		 29.8
(85.6)		 39.2
(102.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.0
(66.2)		 20.5
(68.9)		 22.7
(72.9)		 26.7
(80.1)		 30.3
(86.5)		 31.8
(89.2)		 32.9
(91.2)		 33.0
(91.4)		 31.7
(89.1)		 29.3
(84.7)		 25.6
(78.1)		 21.2
(70.2)		 27.1
(80.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 14.7
(58.5)		 16.3
(61.3)		 18.9
(66.0)		 23.0
(73.4)		 26.2
(79.2)		 27.8
(82.0)		 28.5
(83.3)		 28.4
(83.1)		 27.3
(81.1)		 24.8
(76.6)		 20.8
(69.4)		 16.6
(61.9)		 22.8
(73.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 11.9
(53.4)		 13.7
(56.7)		 16.4
(61.5)		 20.6
(69.1)		 23.5
(74.3)		 25.2
(77.4)		 25.7
(78.3)		 25.6
(78.1)		 24.4
(75.9)		 21.7
(71.1)		 17.6
(63.7)		 13.4
(56.1)		 20.0
(68.0)
Record low °C (°F) 4.2
(39.6)		 5.0
(41.0)		 6.9
(44.4)		 10.6
(51.1)		 17.9
(64.2)		 20.8
(69.4)		 23.3
(73.9)		 22.4
(72.3)		 20.0
(68.0)		 14.7
(58.5)		 7.2
(45.0)		 3.4
(38.1)		 3.4
(38.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 57.4
(2.26)		 63.5
(2.50)		 98.3
(3.87)		 244.5
(9.63)		 383.2
(15.09)		 513.5
(20.22)		 375.1
(14.77)		 370.3
(14.58)		 264.2
(10.40)		 85.6
(3.37)		 47.3
(1.86)		 37.5
(1.48)		 2,540.4
(100.03)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 8.2 11.2 16.2 15.7 19.3 22.1 20.3 18.2 14.2 6.5 5.9 5.6 163.4
Average relative humidity (%) 74 80 84 85 84 86 84 84 81 73 70 69 80
Mean monthly sunshine hours 105.8 79.3 61.7 79.6 125.9 150.2 189.7 175.8 163.1 179.5 153.7 137.3 1,601.6
Percentage possible sunshine 31 25 17 21 31 37 46 44 45 50 47 41 36
Source: China Meteorological Administration[9][10]

Demographics

Enping is a part of the Greater Taishan Region or Sze Yap Region, which includes Kaiping, Xinhui, Enping and Taishan. According to studies by Gao Weinong, Enping is the ancestral hometown of over 400,000 overseas Chinese, with Venezuela being the primary global destination for this diaspora.[6]

Notable people

Notes

  1. ↑ Other former romanizations of Enping include Gan Ping,[1] Gan-ping,[2] Gan-p'ing,[3] and Gan-ping-heën.[4]

References

Citations

  1. 1 2 Bolton & al. (1941), p. 262.
  2. ↑ Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), "China" , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 5 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
  3. ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kwang-Tung" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. XV (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  4. ↑ Gutzlaff (1838), p. 527.
  5. ↑ "China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  6. 1 2 3 Gao, Weinong (2019). 在海之隅：委内瑞拉与荷属加勒比地区的华侨 [In the Corner of the Sea: Overseas Chinese in Venezuela and the Dutch Caribbean] (in Chinese). Guangzhou: Jinan University Press. ISBN 978-7-5668-2495-0.
  7. ↑ Gao, Weinong (2011). 委内瑞拉华侨史略 [A Concise History of Overseas Chinese in Venezuela] (in Chinese). Selangor, Malaysia: Xuelin Publishing House. ISBN 978-983-3918-47-8.
  8. ↑ shi, Guo wu yuan ren kou pu cha ban gong; bian, Guo jia tong ji ju ren kou he jiu ye tong ji si (2012). Zhongguo 2010 nian ren kou pu cha fen xiang, zhen, jie dao zi liao [Tabulation on the 2010 population census of the people's republic of China by township / compiled by Population census office under the state] (Di 1 ban. ed.). Beijing Shi: Zhongguo tong ji chu ban she. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.
  9. ↑ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  10. ↑ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.

Bibliography