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Kingdom of Gohad | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1505–1805 | |||||||||
 Gohad near north side of Gwalior | |||||||||
| Capital | Gohad | ||||||||
| Common languages | Hindi, Braj, Sanskrit | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| Maharaj Rana | |||||||||
• 1068 AD-? (Ancestor) | Rana Jai Singh | ||||||||
• 15th century | Rana Singhadev I | ||||||||
• 1709- 1756 | Maharaja Bhim Singh Rana | ||||||||
• 1803–1805 (last) | Maharaja Kirat Singh Rana | ||||||||
| Historical era | Medieval India | ||||||||
• Established | 1068 AD 1505 | ||||||||
• Foundation of Garhis (fortresses near Gohad town) | 15th century | ||||||||
| 1805 (later Dholpur State) 1805 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | India · Madhya Pradesh | ||||||||
Gohad State or Kingdom of Gohad was a kingdom in India.[1] It was established by King Singhadev I in 1505.
Origin
The royal clan of Gohad traces its origin to Haryana's adjacent-twin villages of Bhadani-Dulehra, 8 km east of present day Jhajjar. From there, the Bamrolia chiefs migrated to Agra. Later in 12th century, their first raja, Rana Jai Singh Deshwal, conquered territories in Bairat (60 southwest of Alwar).[2]
History
The state's formation happened in the time period of Tomar dynasty of Gwalior. The Jats settled the town of Gohad and nearby forts and garhis (fortresses) in 16th century. The most renowned ruler was Maharaja Bhim Singh Rana (Deshwal) who established the Jat rule over the trans chambal region and historic Gwalior fort. During his reign, the revenue of the kingdom was 56 lakhs and Bhim Singh Rana (Deshwal) had control on 56 mahals or small parganas.[3] The most successful ruler of Gohad is meant to be Maharaja Chhatar Singh Rana (Deshwal) also known as Rana Lokendra Singh. He repulsed Maratha raids on Gohad and other Jat forts many times. He even defeated Peshwa Raghunath Rao.
Maharaja Chhatar Singh Rana's resistance against Marathas:
An attack on Gohad city was made by Faujdar Melsarao Appa of Bhilsa and Amba Ingle in 1778, the Maratha army was defeated by Jats under Maharaja Chhatar Singh.[4]
Later, in the same year, Maharaja Chhatar Singh Rana (Deshwal) invaded Lahar state of Kachwaha Rajputs. He defeated them and added Lahar and adjacent territories in his kingdom with the help of Capt. Popham.[5]
Maharaja Chhatar Singh Deshwal handed over the administration of Gwalior fort to his younger queen. Later, jealous of the success of Jat Raja, Mahadaji Sindhia planned an attack to conquer Gwalior. In 1782, he besieged Gwalior with the help of East India Company and bribed one of Maharani's trusted guards & prepared him to depart from Jat Raja along with 2000 troops. Seeing no scope of victory, Maharani committed Jauhar on 27 February 1783 and Marathas occupied the fort. The place is still renowned as Jauhar-kund in Gwalior Fort.It is noted that after the siege the Jats returned to their native villages in Haryana.[6]
Descendants
Later on in order to create a buffer between the Kingdom of Bharatpur and the Marathas, who often allied against them, the British supported the Jats led by Rana Kirat Singh. Jats helped the British to reclaim the Gohad region from the Scindias. As part of an agreement, Rana Kirat Singh was given control of Dholpur, while the British took over Gohad. Thus, Dholpur State was formed, and Rana Kirat Singh declared its ruler in 1805.[7]
Legacy
One of the unexplored aspect of history is Jat dominance in the trans-Chambal tract. Various Jat clans migrated to this region from Haryana, Doab and Braj as early as 13th or 14th century, and subsequently carved out various principalities[citation needed] which were defended by several forts like the Gohad Fort. The Gohad Fort was built by Bamrolia Jat ruler Rana Singh Dev in 16th century.[8] It is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[9]
See also
- Dholpur State—For later history of Gohad rulers
- Gohad Fort
- Utila Fort
- List of Jat dynasties
References
- ↑ Insight Guides (2017). Insight Guides Rajasthan. Rough Guides UK. ISBN 9781786717139. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
- ↑ Encyclopaedia Indica: Princely States in colonial India. Anmol Publications. 1996. ISBN 978-81-7041-859-7.
- ↑ Handbook for Travellers in India, Burma and Ceylon Including AllBritish India, the Portuguese and French Possessions, and the Indian States. J. Murray. 1909.
- ↑ "Madhya Pradesh, District Gazetteers: Bhind". 1996.
- ↑ Agnihotrī, Ajaya Kumāra (1985). Gohada ke Jāṭoṃ kā itihāsa: rājanaitika evaṃ sāṃskr̥tika adhyayana, San 1505 se 1947 taka (in Hindi). Nava Sāhitya Bhavana.
- ↑ Encyclopaedia Indica: Princely States in colonial India. Anmol Publications. 1996. ISBN 978-81-7041-859-7.
- ↑ Mahotsav, Amrit. "Battle of Dholpur in 1803". amritmahotsav.nic.in Government of India. “ The emergence of Dholpur State, in the present-day Dholpur district of Rajasthan, was a result of the British political intervention in Rajputana during the early nineteenth century. It was the harsh conquest and annexation policy of the East India Company’s which led to the creation of the state of Dholpur. Initially, it was under the rule of the Scindias of Gwalior. They lost possession of the region following their defeat in the battle of Laswadi in September 1803 against the forces of the Company led by General Lake. In creating the state of Dholpur, the British built a buffer between the kingdom of Bharatpur and the Marathas, both of whom often formed an alliance against them. At the same time, the British also helped the Jats led by Rana Kirat Singh, to win the Gohad region from the Scindias. As part of an arrangement made by the Company, Rana Kirat Singh was given Dholpur and the former took over Gohad. Thus, the Dholpur state was formed and Rana Kirat Singh was declared its ruler in 1805.”
- ↑ Misra, B. D. (1993). Forts and Fortresses of Gwalior and Its Hinterland. Manohar Publishers and Distributors. ISBN 978-81-7304-047-4.
- ↑ "गोहद किले को यूनेस्को एशिया पेसिफिक हेरिटेज अवार्ड देने की घोषणा | Gohad Fort will provide UNESCO Asia Pacific Heritage Award in MP". Patrika News (in Hindi). 5 November 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2025.
External links